Usually varicose veins affecting the lower extremities, may develop years and even decades. Varicose veins (varicose veins) in the legs is always a violation of the functioning of the valves of the veins and blood flow. Proper circulation of blood is characterized by the circulation of the blood through the veins in the legs from bottom to top (reverse force of gravity). To a large extent this process is possible thanks to the work of the venous valves, which prevent the reverse stream of blood. Disorders in the function of these valves lead to impairment of venous blood flow, and as the detectives with the stretching of the veins. In the veins the blood begins to flow in the chaotic good, often zastaivayas in the veins of the legs. Because it is caused in this context of significant pressure vascular walls can not stand, can expand and flat out. When you do this, dilated veins visible to the naked eye under the skin in the form of nodes. Often by slowing down the flow of blood in extensive veins, occurs blood clots. Violation of the operating procedures of the skin leads to the appearance of trophic ulcers.
Reasons for development of varicose veins in the legs:
- Genetic predisposition (inheritance transported predisposing to the disease factors – the inherent weakness of venous walls, and a device valve, loss of elasticity).
- Violation of the circulation of blood in the context of constipation, wearing a narrow shoe, smoking, lack of physical activity.
- Hormonal drugs (single-phase birth control pills with high dose of estrogen leads to tightening of the blood).
- The increase in the pressure of the venous type, provocaverunt obesity, pregnancy, heavy way of life (sedentary work), the permanent vertical loads (workers, whole day standing).
- Hormonal changes in old age.
Information causes can also lead to incorrect pathological blood stream through the veins of the lower limbs – refluxus or reverse the current of blood from the deep veins to the surface of vienna. The same causes contribute to the deterioration of side effects of the disease in the future.
The symptoms of varicose veins in the legs
- expansion of subcutaneous veins?
- burning sensation or heat by the movement of the veins in the lower extremities?
- feeling of heaviness in the legs?
- swelling of the soft tissues of the lower limbs in the evening (the area, ankles, shins);
- nocturnal cramps in calf muscles that?
- crust colour and seals the skin's shins;
- pain during movement of the veins?
- trophic ulcer.
In each patient, symptoms varicose veins may be different, but one element remains unchanged – the feeling of heaviness in the legs, which is called "syndrome heavy foot". Often symptomatic, is more intense in the evening, as well as during the strong heat.
If the disease has started, the skin on the legs become cyanotic hue, and the patient at this stage no therapy no drugs, no rarely observed skin hyperpigmentation and lipodermatosclerosis, and in more serious cases, to develop a trophic ulcer.
The risk is the same you don't have a problem with the veins and the development in the framework of a complication – thrombophlebitis (inflammation of the inner wall of the vein), leads to the formation of blood clots. Blood clots often overlap with the lumen of the vein (phlebothrombosis), and also it can escape and get into the lungs. As a result of serious complications of varicose veins among patients seen death.
The diagnosis of varicose veins in the legs
During the scan you have the above symptoms, or at least some of them should immediately go to the doctor phlebologist or sosudistomu surgeon. From the timeliness of disease detection depends on the nature of the treatment, as well as a warning for the development of complications.
For the diagnosis of varicose veins is prescribed in the following studies.
- The ULTRASOUND of the veins or bi-directional scanning – evaluation of the patency and extensio veins, the direction of the current of the blood, as well as determination of presence of blood clots in veins.
- Contrast venography evaluation of the situation of the veins, detect tumors and blood clots through recreation precise "impression" veins of the patient in x-ray. Usually this method will be replaced by the ULTRASOUND, since the latter is considered easier to implement.
When you should immediately consult your doctor
When you see the following symptoms on a trip to the doctor should be immediate:
- The appearance of acute pain in the lower extremities during any movement. With this leg with the mind swollen, and is very dense, the skin like a burn.
- Feeling of weakness, accompanied by shortness of breath, feeling of lack of oxygen.
- The affected diseases of veins beginning trickle of blood.
The treatment of varicose veins in the legs
The conservative methods of treatment of varicose veins.
Non-surgical method of treatment applied at the initial stage of the development of the disease, when there are no complications. The conservative methods include the adoption of specific drugs (angioprotectors, anticoagulants, venotoniki, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in pill form, ointments, and gels), which can help to relieve the pain, and it is also the prevention of complications.
Of great importance in the treatment of varicose veins has reset the tone of the walls of blood vessels. To realize this is possible with the help of special tools. The tool of domestic producers does not contain colouring, not in shell, without preservatives, for this active substance. diosmin is rapidly absorbed, minimizing the likelihood of events of allergic reactions.
Non-surgical treatment of varicose veins in addition provides wearing underwear compression, the observance of special diet, regular physical exercise (therapeutic exercise).
These measures reduce the venous insufficiency, warning development of thrombophlebitis. Then, the doctor apart from the above measures of treatment of varicose veins may prescribe a course manual or hardware lymphatic drainage, the procedures enhance the outflow of blood from the lower extremities, reducing swelling. The result of the process, it is not long term.
The treatment of varicose veins of the leeches.
Treatment with leeches is an effective method for dealing with varicose veins. Penetrates through the affected disease of vienna, the saliva of leeches, due to the content of this hirudin (natural heparin), promote liquefactionibus of the blood and prevents the formation of blood clots. Today, on the basis of hirudin create medicines, with which "contact with the leeches" can be avoided.
Modern non-surgical methods of treatment of varicose veins in the legs.
The sclerotherapy.
Sclerotherapy is the most effective no-surgical method of treatment of varicose veins. During the process in the lumen of the patient's vessels, the doctor inserts a special drug that causes agglutination of the walls of the and in the future (within 1.5 years) of their absorption. Usual course of treatment at the stage of spider veins includes from 3 to 6 procedures for each leg. The result will be visible after 2-8 weeks, during which can be observed pain, hematoma a small tingling sensation that will gradually pass. Enter the drug in each case is individualised, therefore, the risk of complications is minimal. During treatment, the patient should be compressive knitted or crocheted.
Efficiency sclerotherapy in the treatment of varicose veins can be compared with classic surgery, it is lower than that of only the most modern methods - endovenous laser coagulation, which is caused by the advent of the "foam form" (foam) sclerotherapy, as well as the process under the control of ULTRASOUND or translyuministsentnoy lamp. All of this at times reduced the number of side effects.
Sclerotherapy can be performed using ultrasound scanner, then the process is called echosclerotherapy. In addition, the scanner application enables the doctor to fully control the movement of the needle in vienna and the distribution of the drug.
If the drug is given by injection into a vein as a microfoam, then the process is called foam-form sclerotherapy. Through the close contact microfoam with venous or αρτηριοφλεβικές walls method has high efficiency. Displacing the blood from the vessel, the microfoam contributes to the faster the welding, and obstruction of the options.
endovasal or endovenous laser photocoagulation.
One of the modern and less traumatic ways for the treatment of varicose veins in the legs. Effect of laser beam on the damaged vein is performed under local anesthesia. The results are visible within a month after surgery. The method is quite expensive.
Pharmaceutical treatment of varicose veins in the legs good supplement folk remedies that will not only enhance the tone and elasticity of venous walls, but in order to inform the further development of the disease. Recipes of traditional medicine with regular use will help to cure a lot of running cases of the disease (ulcers in the skin, thrombosis).
Before you deal with the treatment, it is important to identify the cause of the disease by contacting your doctor, don't overtighten and don't wait for complications (ulcers in the skin, thrombosis), to begin treatment as soon as possible, while the thickness of the vein at the surface, did not exceed 5 mm, and the nodes does not exceed 7 mm. During the treatment course it is recommended to wear clothes and shoes, not limitation of motion, to resign from heavy physical exercise and habits throw the feet.
Modern methods of surgery (surgical) treatment of varicose veins in the legs
When there is not the desired result due to conservative treatment of varicose veins required surgery. The surgery is a radical treatment of the disease, in which there is removal of the modified vienna. Today this is done under tumescent anesthesia (local anesthesia by a mixture of natural anaesthetics). The advantages of the method is that the patient can leave the clinic two hours after surgery, no postoperative hematoma, more easily tolerated, no intoxication, such as during operation under general anesthesia.
Bleed – through special holes made removal of the changed conditions of the veins with a view to the normalization of blood flow in deep veins. The operation in some cases it is preferable to sclerotherapy. Among the advantages observed rapid recovery of the patient, small scars, besides the effect lasts for years.
Short stripping – removal of only the modified part of vienna, through two small incisions. In advance determine the location and extent of the affected of vienna. With this method soft tissues of the patient does not suffer, there is a rapid recovery, the absence of pain after surgery.
Endoscopic dissectione veins - with this method the doctor with the help of a small size for the affected vienna introduces you to this endoscope, which gives you the ability to get information about the internal condition of varicose veins, the extent of the affected area, as well as accurately to control the actions during the phase cut of the vienna, while minimizing the trauma.
Prevention of varicose veins in the legs
- Restriction on the use of the sauna, the adoption of the drum, the prolonged exposure to the sun (this leads to a decrease in vascular tone and blood stagnation).
- Most motor activity (moderate running, swimming, hiking, water aerobics, biking, skiing).
- Control of your weight.
- Waiver of narrow, tight clothes and tight and narrow shoes.
- Get rid of habits sit "foot to foot".
- Avoid constipation (eat right, to follow consumption).
- Distribute evenly the load on the legs (do not sit or do not stay long in the same position).
- Shower and cold shower walk.
- Wearing underwear compression in people who are at risk (pregnant women with a hereditary predisposition, the employees who have sedentary work, or whose work is associated with severe exercise, or the need to spend all day on the feet).
- Physical therapy.
During the treatment of varicose veins of any exercise is forbidden, only for the purposes of prevention.
Nutrition in varicose veins
- Restriction of salty, spicy and smoked foods.
- Resignation from alcohol.
- Restriction of meat products.
- Enrich your diet with fresh fruits and vegetables, products, help to strengthen the walls of blood vessels (carrot, olive oil, walnuts, wild rose, green tea, sprouted wheat, pulses, green onions).
- The daily intake of apple cider vinegar (for a glass of water, 2 tsp.).
When found to have yourself of the first signs of varicose veins immediately, refer you to a specialist. People who fall into the high risk group (those who have predisposing factors), and have a hereditary predisposition to varicosity, it is recommended once in two years to attend phlebologist with the mandatory carrying out of ultrasonic.